17.02.2025 / Perspectives
Author: Margherita Galluccio, M.A. Candidate
Modern art emphasizes the importance of communication over mere representation. It is through communication that the artist reaches into the viewer’s consciousness, aiming to capture their attention.
Throughout history, art has constantly faced a social system attempting to impose its own rules. However, we all know that true art cannot exist without complete freedom of expression on the part of the artist. It is no coincidence that many figures in the history of art and literature have endured controversy, misunderstanding, and often censorship or legal trials, only to be rehabilitated after their death. Artists, intellectuals, and thinkers like Socrates, Pietro Aretino, Caravaggio, Galileo, Goya, and more recently Oscar Wilde, Egon Schiele, and Pasolini are just a few examples.
We must consider that every form of artistic expression – particularly the boldest – often challenges certain societal norms, whether aesthetic or moral. Because of their powerful ability to communicate, these works can strike deeply sensitive chords within the community they address. History has shown that, in most cases, these artists were ultimately right. If society has evolved, it is largely due to their contributions.
In the image above, freedom of expression is embodied through art. The central object is a plaque: “The sculptor Cornel Medrea lived here from 1940 to 1964.” The plaque’s installation symbolizes a celebration and endorsement of art, which can only thrive in environments where freedom of expression is fully upheld. The building where the plaque is placed stands in stark contrast to its surroundings: an electrical box covered in graffiti and a street littered with dirt. The gate to the side represents a barrier – an obstacle that prevents access, standing in opposition to the symbol of free expression. Even the play of light and shadow creates an almost comforting atmosphere. The light shines on the closed gate, while the plaque rests in the dimness behind it. Despite the weight of history and the threat of censorship, art will always find a way to express itself, free from the ideals imposed by society.
Departments: FRI Media Lab; Society, Crisis, and Resilience Program; Policy Analysis and Outreach Department; Research Department; Center on Global Affairs and Post Development.
Themes: Cities; Civic Engagement; Civil Society; Communism and Totalitarianism; Democracy and Democratization; European Union; Freedom of Expression; Human Rights; Media and Journalism; Social Inequalities.